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Title	Changes in poverty status and developmental behaviours: A comparison of immigrant and non-immigrant children in Canada.
CitationType	Non-periodical
Category	Government Report
Authors	Beiser, M., Hou, F., Kaspar, V., & Noh, S.
Year	2000
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Place of Publication	Hull, Que.
Publisher	Human Resources Development Canada, Applied Research Branch
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Abstract	This study examines the effects of movement into or out of poverty, the magnitude of changes in family income, and sources of these income changes. It considers family pathways and developmental behaviours of 4- to 11-year-old children. Analyses were based on a longitudinal sample of 8300 children from cycles 1 and 2 of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, covering the period from 1994/95 to 1996/97. Results indicated that disadvantages for young children in persistent poverty were sustained over time, but that prolonged exposure to poverty did not further escalate children's developmental problems. Simply moving out of poverty did not appear to be sufficient to improve children's developmental outcomes unless it was accompanied by a substantial improvement in living standards. Among non-immigrant families who were poor during both cycles, small gains in absolute income actually elevated children's behavioural problems. Absolute income increases among persistently poor non-immigrant families were related to new employment of the parents and decreases in welfare dependence. However, among persistently poor immigrant families, absolute income increases tended to reduce children's behavioural problems. Finally, results showed rather weak relations between changes in poverty status and parental characteristics. Changes in the economic situations of non-immigrant
Notes	Report No. SP-451-08-01E; W-01-1-1E

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